A nanowatt successive approximation ADC with a calibrated capacitor array for biomedical applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An 8-bit successive approximation analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with offset correction circuitry and a tunable capacitor is presented for biomedical applications. The ADC is designed in a standard 0.13 mum CMOS process technology and operates with voltage supplies down to 0.30 V using MOSFETs operating in their sub-threshold region of operation to achieve ultra low power dissipation. Post layout simulations were used to determine that the ADC achieves 8.5 pJ/cycle energy dissipation operating at 20 kS/s with a 0.4 V supply. An offset correction circuit is included for the comparator which significantly reduces the offset voltage as a result of process and mismatch variation. The attenuation capacitor is digitally tuned and post layout simulation results show the advantage of tuning to adjust linearity and dynamic performance for the ADC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".