Biogeography of Ground Beetles of Florida (Coleoptera: Carabidae): The Peninsula Effect and Beyond
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Thirteen transverse latitudinal transects are used to examine the biogeographic pattern of the peninsula effect on 341 species of Florida carabid beetles. In this fauna, 278 species are grouped to be of temperate affinity or origin, 28 of tropical affinity or origin, and 35 are endemic to Florida; 39 of the species are flightless. The species are ecologically grouped as riparian, hygrophile, halophile, mesophile, subxerophile, arboricole, and endogean. Both the total fauna and the temperate group show a peninsula effect, that is, a decrease in species richness from peninsula base to tip. The tropical group shows an inverse peninsula effect: their species richness decreases toward the base. The endemic group displays a much different pattern, with maximum richness at the middle of the peninsula, a possible reflection of former Tertiary or Quaternary islands as centers of isolation and speciation. Over-water dispersal has been important: 61 species crossed the water gap between Florida and West Indies; 36 temperate species moved from Florida into the West Indies; 25 West Indian (tropical) species have crossed the water gap into Florida (69% of these are preadapted hygrophilic, riparian, and halophile species). Species movements between Florida and the West Indies were probably more prevalent at times of Pleistocene low sea levels, when these lands were larger in area and closer to each other. The Gulf Coastal Plain has provided an avenue for carabid movement to and from Florida and the continental Neotropics with 44 species occurring in both areas, and 70% of these are preadapted hygrophilic, riparian, and halophilic species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".