Interactions of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and estrogen receptor signaling in breast cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SUMMARY Endocrine therapies are used to treat estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer; however, patients develop resistance in some cases due to hormone-independent activation of ER signaling. Dysregulation of mTOR, a central hub for various signaling pathways regulated by hormones and growth factors, is a mechanism of endocrine therapy resistance. Activation of kinases in these pathways can cause ligand-independent ER signaling. Phosphorylation of ER regulates activity and predicts clinical outcome in ER+ breast cancer. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation in breast cancer is common and considered a therapeutic target. PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling is complex and interacts with ER signaling. mTOR’s downstream target p70S6K negatively regulates Akt on one hand and can phosphorylate ER. Moreover, overexpressed p70S6K activates ER in breast cancer cells. An overall understanding of signaling events, especially those governed by mTOR, is important in deciding treatment protocols for ER+ breast cancers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".