Non-Abelian dark matter: Models and constraints
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Numerous experimental anomalies hint at the existence of a dark matter (DM) multiplet ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{i}$ with small mass splittings. We survey the simplest such models which arise from DM in the low representations of a new SU(2) gauge symmetry, whose gauge bosons have a small mass $\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\lesssim}1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. We identify preferred parameters ${M}_{\ensuremath{\chi}}\ensuremath{\cong}1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$, $\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\sim}100\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{g}\ensuremath{\sim}0.04$, and the $\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4e$ annihilation channel, for explaining PAMELA, Fermi, and INTEGRAL/SPI lepton excesses, while remaining consistent with constraints from relic density, diffuse gamma rays, and the CMB. This consistency is strengthened if DM annihilations occur mainly in subhalos, while excitations (relevant to the excited DM proposal to explain the 511 keV excess) occur in the galactic center, due to higher velocity dispersions in the galactic center, induced by baryons. We derive new constraints and predictions which are generic to these models. Notably, decays of excited DM states ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ arise at one loop and could provide a new signal for INTEGRAL/SPI; big bang nucleosynthesis constraints on the density of dark SU(2) gauge bosons imply a lower bound on the mixing parameter $ϵ$ between the SU(2) gauge bosons and photon. These considerations rule out the possibility of the gauge bosons that decay into ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ being long-lived. We study in detail models of doublet, triplet, and quintuplet DM, showing that both normal and inverted mass hierarchies can occur, with mass splittings that can be parametrically smaller [e.g., $O(100)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}$] than the generic MeV scale of splittings. A systematic treatment of ${Z}_{2}$ symmetry, which insures the stability of the intermediate DM state, is given for cases with inverted mass hierarchy, of interest for boosting the 511 keV signal from the excited dark matter mechanism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".