Dominant expression and distribution of oestrogen receptor beta over oestrogen receptor alpha in the human corpus luteum
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
To investigate the potential importance of oestrogen as a local regulator of human corpus luteum function, the mRNA expression pattern and cellular localization of oestrogen receptors (ERs), ER-alpha and ER-beta, were studied in corpora lutea grouped according to age, where days 2-5 post-LH rise were designated as the early luteal phase, days 6-10 as mid-luteal and days 11-14 as the late luteal phase respectively. Northern blot analysis using an ER-beta probe in samples from whole ovarian tissue and isolated corpora lutea, revealed a major band at 7.5 kb and several minor bands between 4-10 kb, while no signals for ER-alpha mRNA were obtained. However, using a semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction followed by Southern blotting, ER-beta mRNA levels were found to be 63% lower (P: < 0.05, n = 39) in the mid-luteal phase compared with the early luteal phase, while ER-alpha mRNA expression showed no statistical differences between the different age groups. Using in-situ hybridization, ER-beta mRNA expression was localized to the steroidogenic luteal cells as well as perivascular cells and fibroblasts in the corpus luteum. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the localization of ER-beta protein, but no clear staining of luteal cells was found using antibodies against ER-alpha. Collectively, the findings of low to moderate expression of ER-beta mRNA and protein in the steroidogenic cells, and also in vascular endothelial cells of the corpus luteum, as opposed to diminutive amounts of ER-alpha mRNA, suggest that oestrogen activity is primarily transduced via ER-beta in the human corpus luteum.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it