Ramadan fasting induces modifications of certain serum components in obese women with type 2 diabetes
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of fasting during Ramadan on certain serum components such as fasting serum glucose (FSG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high density lipoproteins (HDL-C), and low density lipoproteins (LDL-C) parameters in obese women patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We conducted the study in Petit-Vichy Diabetology Center, Sidi-Bel-Abbes, Algeria from October 2003 to March 2004, on 60 obese outpatient women (BMI = 35.41 +/- 3.64 kg/m2), aged 51 +/- 10 years, who had diabetes for 5 +/- 2.5 years. The patients followed no specific diet, on medications, and presenting no degenerative complications. We carried out the study over 3 periods: before (pre-fasting), during (fasting), and after Ramadan month (post-fasting). RESULTS: Comparing Ramadan (fasting period) with non-Ramadan days (pre- and post-fasting periods), we observed significant decreases in FSG (16.72%, p<0.001), in HbA1c (11.3%, p<0.005), and in HDL-C (26.81%, p<0.001) rates, while TC (13.85%, p<0.001), TGs (16.9%, p<0.003), and the LDL-C (22.39%, p<0.0001) levels increased significantly. CONCLUSION: These findings show a beneficial effect of fasting during Ramadan on glucose homeostasis, however, we observed an unbalanced profile on lipids.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it