<i>Runx1</i> expression defines a subpopulation of displaced amacrine cells in the developing mouse retina
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AML1/Runx1 (Runx1) is a mammalian transcription factor that plays critical roles in regulating the differentiation of a number of different cell types. In the present study, we have utilized mice expressing beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) under the control of the Runx1 promoter to characterize the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Runx1 during retinogenesis. Expression of beta-gal was first detected at embryonic day 13.5 in post-mitotic cells located in the inner retina and overlapped with expression of the early amacrine and ganglion cell marker protein Islet1. During subsequent developmental stages, the number of beta-gal-positive cells increased in a central-to-peripheral gradient until late embryogenesis but then decreased in the early post-natal retina. beta-gal-positive cells were located primarily in the ganglion cell layer by late embryonic/early post-natal stages and were identified as a subpopulation of displaced amacrine cells by the continued expression of Islet1, as well as Pax6, and the coexpression of the amacrine cell subtype-specific markers choline acetyltransferase, calretinin and the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase. These findings identify Runx1 as a novel marker for a restricted amacrine cell subtype and suggest a role for this gene in regulating the post-mitotic development of these cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".