A tele-microrobot for manipulation and dynamic mechanical testing of single living cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A high-performance parallel-drive microrobot has been developed for manipulation, surgery, and dynamic mechanical testing of single living muscle cells. The microrobot has two limbs which more in overlapping spherical workspaces of 1 mm diameter with minimum open-loop and closed-loop movements of 1 nm and 10 nm, respectively. Under nonlinear model-based control the limbs can move at up to 2 m/s relative to each other. Ferroelectric polymer microgrippers have been fabricated to facilitate cell manipulation. The microrobot has a three-dimensional laser vision system with a resolution of 50 to 100 nm. Volume images containing magnitude, phase, polarization, and spectral information can be acquired. The microrobot incorporates facilities to keep single living cells alive for long periods. A macro version of the microrobot has been built to allow force-reflecting teleoperation of the microrobot. The tele-microrobot system constitutes a mechanical microscope in which microscopic objects can be felt. The macro-interface also enables the operator to feel mechanical continuum models. A parallel computation and control computer has been designed to meet the substantial numerical requirements of the tele-microrobot system.>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".