The Effects of Primary Sector Foreign Investment on Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Agriculture Production in Less-Developed Countries, 1980-99
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research helps to increase our collective understanding of the complex interrelationships between foreign investment dependence and environmental degradation. Panel regresssion analyses of 35 less developed countries from 1980 to 1999 are conducted to test the hypothesis that foreign direct investment in the primary sector increases carbon dioxide emissions from agriculture production. Results confi rm the hypothesis, providing support for the theory of foreign capital dependence. Level of agriculture production and the use of tractors are also found to increase the growth of carbon dioxide emissions from this primary sector activity. Conversely, nations more likely to ratify international environmental treaties exhibit suppressed growth in emissions. These fi ndings underscore the need for social scientists to investigate the environmental impacts of both the level and transnational organization of production in different sectors as well as the overall use of relevant machinery and the environmental commitments of nation-states.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it