Volumetric layered transmission-line metamaterial exhibiting a negative refractive index
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examine a new class of volumetric metamaterials based on two-dimensional (2D) transmission-line layers that exhibit a negative refractive index (NRI). The dispersion characteristics of a single 2D layer are revealed through a periodic analysis, and the effective-medium response of the volumetric layered topology is predicted by an intuitive equivalent circuit model. Dispersion and transmission characteristics are also obtained for various designs by using full-wave finite-element method (FEM) simulations, including one design meeting the requirements of Veselago's slab lens in free space, and suggest an isotropic NRI over bandwidths anywhere from 25% to 45%. Finally, the potential to implement these metamaterials from terahertz to near-infrared and optical frequencies is discussed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it