Bibliographic record
Abstract
18 O measured in the ice is a proxy for the temperature of the air from which Greenland precipitation is derived, the ice sheet itself acts as a “paleothermometer,” one that may be accurately calibrated using gas isotope data and air thermal diffusion constants (e.g., Gatchev and Severinghaus, 2005). These records make it clear that extremely rapid excursions in the air temperature over Greenland have been characteristic of both Northern Hemisphere glacial conditions during oxygen isotope stage 3 (OIS3, 65– 25 ka) and of the last glacialto-interglacial transition (ca. 21–10 ka). The variability during these intervals has been characterized by millennial-timescale excursions from warm to cold and cold to warm conditions in which the local temperature variations associated with the individual events have been on the order of 10 °C. Individual fl uctuations have been characterized by a “sawtooth” form, rather like the 100 k.y. Late Quaternary ice-age cycle itself, with the transition from cold to warm atmospheric conditions occurring on a time scale that is short compared to the time scale of cooling. This two-timescale characterization of the individual pulses suggests that they are the consequence of a physical process that involves what is referred to in the language of dynamical systems as a “relaxation oscillation.”
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".