Process intensification of synthesis of magnetite using spinning disc reactor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract An instantaneous co‐precipitation reaction for the synthesis of magnetite particles has been investigated in conventional mechanically agitated reactor and novel spinning disc reactor (SDR) with an objective of process intensification. Characteristics of the particles have been analysed using Coulter Counter particle analyser. It has been observed that the particle size distribution is more uniform with overall lower power consumption in the SDR as compared to the conventional reactors. With a viewpoint of improving the synthesis process in terms of the obtained conversion levels in the SDR, effect of different operating parameters viz. rotational speed, diameter and type of the disc, flow rate of the reactants and the operating temperature on the synthesis process has also been investigated. It has been observed that the flow rate of the reactants as well as disc characteristics have a significant influence on the extent of conversion. Overall, it has been established that the SDR gives excellent particle size distribution characteristics as compared to the conventional approaches and hence results in process improvement/intensification for magnetite synthesis process at comparatively lower energy inputs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".