Does psychosocial intervention improve survival in cancer? A meta-analysis
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that positive psychosocial intervention improves the wellbeing of cancer patients. Two meta-analyses conducted to date confirmed a significant small-to-moderate effect on quality of life. Previous randomized trials reported that psychosocial intervention also improved survival. However, more recent trials failed to detect a difference in survival. A systematic review of randomized trials that have examined the effectiveness of psychosocial intervention in cancer patients in terms of survival prolongation was conducted. METHODS: Randomized trials published between 1966 and June 2002 were identified through the databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CancerLit, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and reference lists of relevant articles. Relevant data were abstracted. The results of randomized trials were pooled using meta-analyses to estimate the effect of treatment on overall survival at one and four years in all cancer patients and also in breast cancer patients with metastases. RESULTS: Eight trials, which involved a total of 1062 patients (all cancer histologies), were identified. One- and four-year overall survival rates were obtained from eight trials and six trials, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall survival rates at one and four years [P = 0.6; RR 0.94 (95% CI 0.72, 1.22)] and [P = 0.5; RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.77, 1.13)], respectively. Four trials examined 511 metastatic breast cancer patients. Again, there was no statistically significant difference in the overall survival rates at one and four years [P = 0.3; RR 0.87 (95% CI 0.67, 1.14)] and [P = 0.3; RR 0.91 (95% CI 0.76, 1.10)], respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial intervention does not prolong survival in cancer. This meta-analysis can not rule out small effect sizes because of the small number of trials and small trial sizes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it