Western Mediterranean sea‐level rise: Changing exchange flow through the Strait of Gibraltar
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sea‐level data from tide gauges and satellite altimetry show a decrease of nearly 40% in the sea‐level drop between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean from 1994 to 1997, coming mainly from a rapid rise of western Mediterranean sea‐level by more than 10 mm/year. A decrease in the sea‐level difference across the Strait, coincident with this Mediterranean rise, indicates that the surface inflow is reduced by an amount dynamically consistent with the change along the strait. These secular changes are accompanied by a seasonal cycle in the sea‐level drop between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, which indicates a seasonal flipping of hydraulic exchange states in the Strait of Gibraltar. Thus, we suggest the sea‐level rise in the Mediterranean is a consequence of a changing exchange flow through the Strait of Gibraltar, driven indirectly by changing conditions in the Mediterranean.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".