Signs of Americanization in Italian Domestic Life: Italy’s Postwar Conversion to Consumerism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Americanization is usually considered the major factor in Italy’s social and economic transformation after the second world war, so much so that the influence of the USA has long been taken for granted. However, this assumption is based upon a misleading account of the relationship between the two countries. A multifaceted process characterized by contradictory meanings, Americanization took various forms and developed in different ways. Indeed, it is difficult to estimate the extent to which American models were adopted: closer analysis reveals that such influences were subject to repeated misinterpretation, negotiation and even resistance. Initially reluctant to follow American examples, Italian society soon demonstrated an unusual capacity for remaking and hybridizing imported transatlantic models. Nowhere was this more evident than in the domestic sphere which served as a central target of the broader cultural campaign to start afresh after 1945.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".