Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To follow up 90 first-episode schizophrenia patients after 20 years and to study the course of symptomatology, work, social functioning, and pattern of illness during this period. METHODS: The Present State Examination and the Psychiatric and Personal History Schedule were administered at fixed points during follow-up. The measures adopted to ensure a good follow-up rate (67%) after 20 years under adverse conditions are described. RESULTS: Complete data were obtained from 61 subjects; 16 had died, and 13 could not be traced. After 20 years, 5 patients had recovered completely, and another 5 were continuously ill. Most of the cohort had multiple relapses with or without complete remission between them. The Global Assessment of Functioning Scale showed that symptoms and social functioning in this sample approximated results from developing countries and were much better than those of developed nations. There were not many sex differences. Marriage and occupational rates were higher than those observed in many published reports. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the few long-term follow-up studies from the developing world. It reveals a pattern of course and functioning distinctly better than that found in many such studies from the developed nations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".