Sustainable Alternatives to Methyl Bromide in Romanian Horticulture
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. Soilborne pathogens are very destructive in vegetable crops and one of the most limiting factors to farmer’s income. Their management worldwide has been based on pre-plant soil fumigation with methyl bromide, a compound whose phase-out procedure was initiated in the Montreal Protocol (1992) due to its hazardous effects on the environment.Since the adhesion to the Montreal Protocol, Romania government decided to phase out methyl bromide use beginning with 2005. During the last seven years, the research was focused on investigating methyl bromide alternatives for controlling soilborne pathogens, mainly in protected area vegetable crops. These substitutes have been based on using other registered chemical compounds, and non-chemical methods (soil steaming, solarization, cultural practices, plant resistance). All the current methyl bromide substitutes and control measures for controlling soilborne pathogens in protected area vegetables crops have limitations, compared with methyl bromide. The aim of this paper is to describe the current methyl bromide alternatives for controlling soilborne pathogens in Romania horticulture.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".