The Dog That Hasn't Barked: The Political Economy of Contemporary Debates on Canadian Foreign Investment Policies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract.This article examines the responses of Canadian business leaders, national newspapers, and governments to record numbers of foreign takeovers of Canadian-based firms in 2004–2007. It assesses the political, economic, financial market, and regulatory contexts for takeover activity in historical, macro-economic, and micro-economic contexts in light of Canada's historically firm-centred business culture. It summarizes five dimensions of policy and media discourse on the interrelated issues of foreign investment and corporate consolidation, including debates on “hollowing out” and “national champions.” It concludes that the limited influence of nationalist and related business interests on recent Canadian government policies reflects Canada's growing economic interdependence with other countries, particularly the growing role played by Canadian-based multinationals in foreign markets. Résumé.Le présent article examine la réaction des leaders du monde des affaires canadien, des journaux nationaux et des gouvernements devant le nombre record de prises de contrôle étrangères de sociétés exerçant leur activités au Canada entre 2004 et 2007. Il évalue l'activité de prise de contrôle selon les données de la politique, de l'économie, des marchés financiers et de la réglementation, dans des contextes historique, macroéconomique et microéconomique, compte tenu de la culture des affaires canadienne, traditionnellement axée sur l'entreprise. Il présente un sommaire des cinq dimensions des politiques et du discours des médias sur des questions liées : l'investissement étranger et la consolidation des sociétés, dont le débat sur l'«évidement» et les «champions nationaux». Il conclut que le peu d'influence des intérêts commerciaux nationalistes ou apparentés sur les politiques récentes du gouvernement du Canada reflète l'interdépendance croissante entre le Canada et d'autres pays et, notamment, le rôle croissant sur les marchés étrangers des multinationales établies au Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.026 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".