Origin of hummocky and swaley cross-stratification— The controlling influence of unidirectional current strength and aggradation rate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research Article| December 01, 2006 Origin of hummocky and swaley cross-stratification— The controlling influence of unidirectional current strength and aggradation rate Simone Dumas; Simone Dumas 1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R.W.C. Arnott R.W.C. Arnott 1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (2006) 34 (12): 1073–1076. https://doi.org/10.1130/G22930A.1 Article history received: 25 Apr 2006 rev-recd: 27 Jul 2006 accepted: 29 Jul 2006 first online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Simone Dumas, R.W.C. Arnott; Origin of hummocky and swaley cross-stratification— The controlling influence of unidirectional current strength and aggradation rate. Geology 2006;; 34 (12): 1073–1076. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G22930A.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract A series of wave-tunnel experiments was conducted to investigate the conditions under which hummocky and swaley cross-stratification form. Isotropic 3-dimensional (3-D) hummocky bed forms were generated under long wave periods (∼8–10 s) and moderate oscillatory velocities (Uo ∼50–90 cm/s) with very weak (< 5 cm/s) to no unidirectional flow. Hummocks became anisotropic with the addition of only a small unidirectional current (5–10 cm/s), and began to resemble unidirectional dunes when the unidirectional current was increased above 10 cm/s. Synthetic aggradation of the hummocky bed forms at high (4.2 mm/min) and low (1 mm/min) rates generated stratification resembling hummocky and swaley cross-stratification, respectively. Based on these findings, we suggest that hummocky cross-stratification optimally forms above (but near) storm wave base where aggradation rates during storms are high enough to preserve hummocks but unidirectional current speeds are sufficiently low to generate low-angle, isotropic cross-stratification. Swaley cross-stratification is also hypothesized to be deposited by an aggrading hummocky bed between fair-weather and storm wave base, but in shallower water where aggradation rates are low enough to cause preferential preservation of swales. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".