The Volatility of Market Risk In Groups of Viet Nam Listed Hotel and Tourism Company Groups during the Financial Crisis 2007-2009
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The financial crisis 2007-2009 with certain impacts on the Viet Nam economy and especially, the stock exchange, has affected systematic risk in the whole hotel and tourism industries. Hence, it is the reason to perform the risk re-estimation for the listed firms in these industries. First of all, by using a proper traditional estimating model to estimate asset and equity beta of three (3) groups of listed companies in Viet Nam entertainment, tourism, and hotel industries, we found out that the beta values, in general, for most companies are acceptable, excluding just a few cases. There are 77% of listed firms with lower risk, among total 22 firms, whose beta values vary in a range from 0 to 1. Secondly, through comparison of beta values among three (3) above industries, we recognized there are still 18% of total listed firms in the above group companies with beta values higher than (>) 1and have stock returns moving more than the market benchmark. Last but not least, this paper generates some results that could provide both internal and external investors, financial institutions, companies and government more evidence in establishing their policies in investments and in governance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".