Chapter 7 Hydrocarbon finds in the Arctic basins: discovery history, discovered resources and petroleum systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Over the past 75 years, hydrocarbon exploration of Arctic regions north of the Arctic Circle (66°N) has yielded some 450 discoveries which collectively account for 2.5% of global conventional liquids discovered to date and 15.5% of the world's discovered conventional natural gas. Accumulations occur in rocks ranging from Cambrian to Pleistocene in age but 94% of all Arctic hydrocarbon resources occur in clastic reservoirs of Mesozoic age. Although discoveries have been reported from 15 different basins onshore and offshore Alaska, Canada, Norway and Russia, 75% of all discovered resources are located in the portion of Russia's Western Siberia Basin that lies north of 66°N. Hydrocarbon accumulations discovered in the Arctic region have been generated from nearly 40 different petroleum systems. The main elements of these petroleum systems such as sources, reservoirs and seals are described and the chronology of these depositional events is summarized in two chronologic charts representing the Eastern and Western hemispheres.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".