Cortactin (CTTN), N-WASP (WASL), and Clathrin (CLTC) Are Present at Podosome-Like Tubulobulbar Complexes in the Rat Testis1
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tubulobulbar complexes are actin filament-rich plasma membrane protrusions that form at intercellular junctions in the seminiferous epithelium of the mammalian testis. They are proposed to internalize intact junctions during sperm release and during the translocation of spermatocytes through basal junction complexes between neighboring Sertoli cells. Tubulobulbar complexes morphologically resemble podosomes found at cell/substrate attachments in other systems. In this study we probe apical tubulobulbar complexes in fixed epithelial fragments and fixed frozen sections of rat testis for two key actin-related components found at podosomes, and for the endocytosis-related protein clathrin. N-WASP and cortactin, two regulators of actin network assembly known to be components of podosomes, are concentrated at tubulobulbar complexes. Clathrin-positive structures occur in Sertoli cell regions containing tubulobulbar complexes when analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy and occur at the ends of the complexes when evaluated by immunoelectron microscopy. Our results are consistent with the conclusion that tubulobulbar complexes are podosome-like structures. We propose that the formation of tubulobulbar complexes may be clathrin initiated and that their growth is due to the dendritic assembly of a membrane-related actin network.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it