Thyroid transcription factor‐1 (<scp>TTF</scp>‐1) immunoreactivity is an adverse prognostic factor in endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: It is known that thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is expressed in a small percentage of primary gynaecological adenocarcinomas. Following the observation of TTF-1 positivity in a number of endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the uterine corpus which behaved aggressively, we undertook immunohistochemical staining of a large series of endometrial adenocarcinomas of various types to investigate whether its expression is of prognostic significance. METHODS AND RESULTS: TTF-1 was performed on tissue microarrays containing 102 low-grade (grades 1 or 2) endometrioid adenocarcinomas, 101 grade 3 endometrioid adenocarcinomas, 89 serous adenocarcinomas and 29 clear cell carcinomas. All categories of endometrial adenocarcinoma exhibited TTF-1 staining in a small subset of cases (2% low-grade endometrioid, 11% grade 3 endometrioid, 9% serous, 7% clear cell). TTF-1 was less frequently expressed in low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinomas compared to other subtypes. Endometrioid adenocarcinomas which expressed TTF-1 had a statistically significant worse prognosis with poorer disease-specific survival, and this was also statistically significant in the group of low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms that TTF-1 is expressed in a small, but not insignificant, proportion of endometrial adenocarcinomas. TTF-1 positivity in low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinomas is an indicator of poorer prognosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".