Design of multicomponent photocatalysts for hydrogen production under visible light using water-soluble titanate nanodisks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the design of efficient multicomponent photocatalysts (MPs) for H2 production under visible light by using water-soluble ultrathin titanate nanodisks (TNDs) stabilized by tetraethylammonium cations (TEA(+)) as building blocks. The photocatalysts are designed in such a way to significantly enhance simultaneously the efficiency of the three main steps in the photocatalytic process i.e., light absorption, charge separation and catalytic reaction. We show, as an example, the construction of water-soluble CdS-TND-Ni MPs. The designed CdS-TND-Ni MPs, in which CdS nanoparticles and TNDs are intimately assembled to enhance the charge transfer and surface area, are controlled in composition to optimize visible light absorption. The conception of the MPs allows them to be highly dispersed in water which markedly improves the photocatalytic H2 production process. Most importantly, a Ni co-catalyst is selectively located on the surface of TNDs, enabling vectorial electron transfer from CdS to TND and to Ni, which drastically improves the charge separation. Consequently, under visible light illumination (λ ≥ 420 nm), the optimally designed CdS-TND-Ni MPs could generate H2 from ethanol-water solution with rate as high as 15.326 mmol g(-1) h(-1) during a reaction course of 15 h and with an apparent quantum yield of 24% at 420 nm. Moreover, we also demonstrate that TNDs can be combined with other single or mixed metal sulfide to form water-soluble metal sulfide-TNDs composites which could also be of great interest for photocatalytic H2 production.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".