Development of a DC current-blocking device for transformer neutrals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary form only given. In the early 1990s, Hydro-Quebec undertook a joint project with GE to develop and commission a DC current-blocking series capacitor for the transmission lines forming part of its main power system in the area surrounding the grounding electrode of the Radisson HVDC substation. The aim of this project was to minimize the harmful effects of DC current flowing through the main network during the ground-return operating mode of the Radisson-Sandy Pond multiterminal HVDC link. With a view to having available technology applicable anywhere in the network, TransEnergie and IREQ, two divisions of Hydro-Quebec, later took part in the development of a DC current blocking device that could be installed in transformer neutrals. This work was undertaken not only with immediate needs in mind but also to solve specific problems that could appear sporadically at different network locations. Tests on a prototype of the new blocking device were performed in the high power laboratory at IREQ, followed by tests on the preproduction unit, in accordance with the specified requirements. The neutral DC current blocking device (NCBD) was then installed at a regional substation for a one-year operating period to verify its immunity under normal network events and switching conditions. During this period, no disruption to the smooth operation of the substation or protection of the AC system occurred. The NCBD operated correctly and suffered no fault or unsolicited operation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".