Time-Temperature Superposition and Physical Hardening Effects in Low-Temperature Asphalt Binder Grading
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During the development of the Strategic Highway Research Program low-temperature binder specifications, in an effort to propose practical laboratory tests that require less time to perform, the time–temperature superposition principle was used to show that the stiffness after 2 h of loading at the performance-graded (PG) low temperature can be approximated by the stiffness after 60 s of loading at 10°C above the PG low temperature. This equivalence principle was developed on the basis of test results from the eight core asphalts and is widely accepted today. However, actual 2-h tests were not performed to experimentally validate this equivalence. Furthermore, the effect of physical hardening on time–temperature superposition was not considered. The validity of the time–temperature equivalence factor used in the low-temperature specification criterion and the ways in which the deviations could affect the current specification are evaluated.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it