A Simple Modeling Approach for Estimation of Soil Deformation Behaviour of Natural Expansive Soils Using the Modulus of Elasticity as a Tool
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper details the fundamental concepts of a proposed approach along with the step-by-step procedural details for modeling time-dependent deformation of natural expansive clay soils. Estimation of the soil suction variations within the active zone depth and the corresponding soil modulus of elasticity with respect to the suction variation form the key components of the proposed approach. The soil suction variations within the active zone of the expansive soil profile are estimated using the soil-atmosphere commercial model VADOSE/W. The soil deformation (shrinkage/swelling) is estimated based on the soil structure constitutive relationship for unsaturated soils considering the variation of modulus of elasticity with respect to suction. The proposed approach, which is referred to as the modulus of elasticity based method (MEBM), reasonably well reproduced the deformations of previously published field study results of a natural expansive soil caused by changes in suction over time taking account of environmental factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".