Problématique de l’apprentissage et de l’enseignement des sciences au secondaire : un état de la question
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dans un contexte social qui valorise la formation scientifique et technologique comme outil d'adaptation et d'insertion sociale, les multiples échecs et difficultés rencontrés par les élèves dans l'apprentissage des sciences posent des défis importants aux enseignants du secondaire et à ceux qui ont pour tâche de les former. Cet article tente de cerner, à travers l'analyse des écrits, les problèmes d'ordre épistémologique, didactique, pédagogique, socioculturel que soulèvent aussi bien l'apprentissage que l'enseignement des sciences. Nous présentons quelques conséquences pratiques des problèmes soulevés et nous suggérons des pistes à explorer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.043 | 0.088 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.052 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.030 | 0.029 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.015 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".