Histological Analysis of Female Redbelly Tilapia; Tilapia zillii (Gervais, 1848) Ovary, Fed Bitter Melon, Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae) Leaf Meal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research was carried out to control tilapia population using Momordica charantia leaf meal as reproduction inhibitors. A total of 150 post juvenile Tilapia zillii female fish, weighing 30.36 ± 0.13 g were used. The leaf of Mormodica charantia (Bitter melon) was added to a basal diet (35% crude protein) at 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/kg diets and fed to female Tilapia zillii for 80 days. The fish were distributed in triplicate into 15 plastic tanks (1×1×1 m) at a stocking density of 10 fish per tank. Borehole water with pH value between the range of 6.90-7.67, temperature range between 25.4-26.6 oC and dissolved oxygen; 2.8-3.9 ml/l were used. The water volume of 400litres was maintained throughout the period of experiment. The fish was fed at 4% body weight/day in two installments at 09:00-09:30 hs. Histological examination of ovary in T. zillii fed 0 g of MCLM/kg diet showed no visible lesions nuclei of follicle cells were prominently seen while in treatment containing 20 g of MCLM/kg, few oocytes was seen in the ovary and there was generalized congestion, 40 g MCLM/kg diet section showed necrosis of the ovary, few oocytes were found in the ovary. In fish fed 60 g MCLM/kg diet, necrosis and abnormal gonadal development was noticed and ovary was devoid of oocytes. In fish fed 80 g MCLM, highly abnormal gonadal development and necrosis was noticed. Phyto chemical analysis of Momordica charantia showed the presence of charantin, alkaloids, momordicins, tannin, steroid, saponin, terpeniod and glycosine. There was decrease in fecundity (from 286 to 100), relative fecundity (from 3.91 to 1.24), and gonadosomatic index with increase in level of treatments used. Histological observations and fecundity analysis of T. zillii fed high dietary MCLM diet levels revealed that Bitter melon leaves may be effective as sterility-inducing agents in T. zillii.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".