Changes in physiological tremor associated with an epileptic seizure: a case report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Epileptic seizures are associated with motor, sensory, somatosensory or autonomic symptoms that have all been described in varying detail over the years. Of interest in the present report is a case of normal physiological tremor, which to date has never been evaluated prior to and during an epileptic seizure. In fact, there is only anecdotal mention of pre-ictal and ictal changes in clinically noticeable tremor in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: Our patient was a left-handed, 27-year-old Caucasian woman diagnosed seven years previously with partial epileptic seizures, secondarily generalized. Physiological tremor was measured simultaneously on the index finger of both hands of our patient. Electromyography as well as heart rate and respiration were also monitored. A previously performed electroencephalography examination revealed abnormal oscillations focalized to the left primary somatosensory cortex. She was also diagnosed with left frontal neuronal heterotopias. We detected subclinical changes in tremor characteristics, such as amplitude, median power frequency and power dispersion, contralateral to the localization of epileptic activity. Tremor characteristics remained relatively steady ipsilateral to the localization of the epileptic activity. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in physiological tremor characteristics should be considered as another possible pre-ictal or ictal manifestation. We propose that the network associated with physiological tremor might be more sensitive to abnormal oscillations generated within the central nervous system by epileptic activity from certain structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".