The Sunyaev‐Zel'dovich Effect in CMB‐calibrated Theories Applied to the Cosmic Background Imager Anisotropy Power at<i>l</i>> 2000
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We discuss the nature of the possible high- l excess in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy power spectrum observed by the Cosmic Background Imager (CBI). We probe the angular structure of the excess in the CBI deep fields and investigate whether it could be due to the scattering of CMB photons by hot electrons within clusters, which is the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. We estimate the density fluctuation parameters for amplitude, σ 8 , and shape, Γ, from CMB primary anisotropy data and other cosmological data. We use the results of two separate hydrodynamic codes for ΛCDM cosmologies, consistent with the allowed σ 8 and Γ values, to quantify the expected contribution from the SZ effect to the band powers of the CBI experiment and pass simulated SZ effect maps through our CBI analysis pipeline. The result is very sensitive to the value of σ 8 and is roughly consistent with the observed power if σ 8 ≈ 1. We conclude that the CBI anomaly could be a result of the SZ effect for the class of ΛCDM concordance models if σ 8 is in the upper range of values allowed by current CMB and large-scale structure data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".