Effect of microstructure on liquation cracking during AZ91 friction stir spot welding
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Effect of microstructures on liquation cracking is investigated. Melted eutectic formation and cracking are observed in the stir zone region of friction stir spot welds made in squeeze cast and in incompletely solutionised AZ91 sections containing Mg 17 Al 12 particles. Crack susceptibility in the stir zone region is dramatically decreased in AZ91 base material which has been forged and solution treated, and is completely free of Mg 17 Al 12 particles. It is suggested that rapid heating during the tool penetration stage in friction stir spot welding creates undissolved Mg 17 Al 12 particles, which facilitate eutectic melting when the temperature in the stir zone reaches 437°C, the ( α-Mg+Mg 17 Al 12 ) eutectic temperature in the binary Mg–Al equilibrium phase diagram.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it