Environmental and algal community influences on benthic algal extracellular material in Lake Opeongo, Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Extracellular material can play a key role in benthic ecosystems, but most of our current knowledge about extracellular material comes from marine intertidal systems. Data from lakes are lacking. We worked in Lake Opeongo, a 5800-ha dystrophic lake on the Canadian Precambrian Shield, and investigated changes in extracellular material as a function of light intensity, sediment characteristics, and disturbance regime and algal biomass, community composition, and primary production, all factors important in marine intertidal studies. We used permutation-based path analysis to test alternative models. We found a negative effect of in situ primary production on loosely bound, colloidal extracellular material, indicating that extracellular material may be released under stressful conditions. The effect of algal community composition on colloidal extracellular material also was significant. Total extracellular material was affected only by time of year, indicating that tightly bound, capsular extracellular material is more refractory than colloidal extracellular material. We found no significant effects of environmental factors (light, nutrients, or wind-driven disturbance) on either colloidal or total extracellular material, despite their importance in marine intertidal systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".