Growing‐season stemflow production within a deciduous forest of southern Ontario
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Stemflow production within a red oak ( Quercus rubra L.)–sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.)–American beech ( Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) dominated stand in southern Ontario was evaluated during the growing season of 1995. For events that produced stemflow from all sampled tree boles (rainfall ≥ 4·3 mm), the geometric mean Herwitz ( Earth Surf. Process. Landforms 11 (1986) 401) funnelling ratios were 7·3, 20·6, and 26·3 for oak, maple, and beech, respectively. Geometric mean funnelling ratios for these three species increased in a linear fashion with increasing rainfall depth for events ranging from 4·3 to 17·4 mm. However, funnelling ratios for the two larger rainfall events measured during the study (27·4 and 40·1 mm) were relatively small, suggesting that after a certain rainfall depth threshold has been reached, trees become less efficient at diverting intercepted rainfall to their boles. Significant (α = 0·10) positive linear relationships were found between stemflow production (l/tree) and beech basal area for all rainfall events ≥ 2·2 mm, while for oak and maple such relationships corresponded with only some relatively large rainfall events. Possible causes for the discrepancies in the funnelling efficiencies of the three tree species and between relatively small and large events are provided. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it