Role of selected dark septate endophyte species and other hyphomycetes as saprobes on moss gametophytes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) live asymptomatically in the roots of vascular plants, are common in arctic and alpine areas, and are thought to play a quasimycorrhizal role. It is not known, however, whether they precede or arrive with their hosts. Previously reported enzymatic abilities of Phialocephala fortinii suggest that DSEs can live on organic debris in the soil, but there is little direct or experimental evidence for this. Phialocephala fortinii , Leptodontidium orchidicola , Cadophora melinii , Cadophora luteo-olivacea , and Lecythophora sp. were inoculated onto autoclaved Hylocomium splendens gametophytes and incubated for 3 months to determine if they degrade this organic material based on observations made using light and scanning electron microscopy. All fungi were able to colonize the bryophyte tissue to some extent. Lecythophora sp. and L. orchidicola penetrated cells by forming bore holes. Cadophora luteo-olivacea and P. fortinii were also observed inside cells, but bore holes through bryophyte cell walls were not observed. Cadophora melinii sporulated and grew abundantly on the surface of gametophytes but did not appear to penetrate cell walls. Phialocephala fortinii and L. orchidicola formed sclerotia in the gametophytes similar to those formed in roots. These results suggest that DSE fungi can persist and produce propagules, i.e., sclerotia and conidia, in the absence of host roots. These observations support the hypothesis that DSE fungi are able to precede their hosts during primary succession events.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".