Intubation-Related Dysphonia Following Extreme Preterm Birth: Case Studies in Behavioural Voice Intervention
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many more children than ever before survive and thrive following preterm birth (Saigal & Doyle, 2008). To date, research has focussed on medical, developmental, neurological, and behavioral outcomes. As the number of surviving children increases and survivors reach school age and beyond, it has become apparent that many children experience difficulties with voice production (French et al., 2013). Following preterm birth, endotracheal intubation may be necessary to deliver surfactant or relieve respiratory distress during the neonatal period (Ho, Subramaniam, Henderson-Smart, & Davis, 2002). Intubation injury to the larynx and resultant dysphonia are well described in the literature (Bray, Cavalli, Eze, Mills, & Hartley, 2010). This article presents a brief review of the literature relevant to intubation-related injury following preterm birth and 2 case studies of voice outcomes following a trial of behavioral voice therapy in extremely preterm children who were intubated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".