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Record W2108447118 · doi:10.1177/0022022104266105

Patterns and Universals of Adult Romantic Attachment Across 62 Cultural Regions

2004· article· en· W2108447118 on OpenAlexaff
David P. Schmitt, Lidia Alcalay, Melissa Allensworth, Jüri Allïk, Lara K. Ault, Ivars Austers, Kevin Bennett, Gabriel Bianchi, Fredrick A. Boholst, Mary Ann Borg Cunen, Johan Braeckman, Edwin G. Brainerd, Leo Gerard A. Caral, Gabrielle Caron, María Martina Casullo, Michael R. Cunningham, Ikuo Daibo, Charlotte De Backer, Eros De Souza, Rolando Díaz‐Loving, Gláucia Ribeiro Starling Diniz, Kevin Durkin, Marcela Echegaray, Ekin Eremsoy, Harald Α. Euler, Ruth Falzon, Maryanne L. Fisher, Dolores Foley, Robert L. Fowler, Douglas P. Fry, Sirpa Fry, M. Arif Ghayur, Vijai N. Giri, Debra L. Golden, Karl Grammer, Liria Grimaldi, Jamin Halberstadt, Shamsul Haque, Dora Herrera, Janine Hertel, Amanda Hitchell, Heather Hoffmann, Danica T. Hooper, Zuzana Hradilekova, Jasna Hudek‐Knežević, Allen I. Huffcutt, Jas Laile Jaafar, Margarita Jankauskaitė, Heidi Kabangu-Stahel, Igor Kardum, Brigitte Khoury, Hayrran Kwon, Kaia Laidra, Anton‐Rupert Laireiter, Dustin Lakerveld, Ada Lampert, Mary Anne Lauri, Marguerite Lavallée, Suk-Jae Lee, Kenneth D. Locke, Vance Locke, Ivan Lukšík, Ishmael Magaisa, Dalia Marcinkevičienė, André Mata, Rui Mata, Barry McCarthy, Michael E. Mills, Nhlanhla Mkhize, João Manuel Moreira, Sérgio Moreira, Miguel Moya, M. Munyae, Patricia Noller, Hmoud Al-Olimat, Adrian Opre, Alexia Panayiotou, Nebojša Petrović, Karolien Poels, Miroslav Popper, Maria Poulimenou, Volodymyr P'Yatokha, Michel Raymond, Ulf‐Dietrich Reips, Susan E. Reneau, Sofía Rivera Aragón, Wade C. Rowatt, Willibald Ruch, Velko Rus, Marilyn P. Safir, Sonia Salas, Fabio Sambataro, Kenneth Sandnabba, Rachel Schleeter, Marion K. Schulmeyer, Astrid Schütz, Tullio Scrimali, Todd K. Shackelford, Mithila B. Sharan, Phillip R. Shaver, Francis Sichona, Franco Simonetti, Tilahun Sineshaw, R. Sookdew, Tom Speelman, Spyros Spyrou, H. Canan Sümer, Nebi Sümer, Marianna Supeková, Tomasz Szlendak, Robin Taylor, Bert Timmermans, William Tooke, Ioannis Tsaousis, Felician S.K. Tungaraza, Ashley Turner, Griet Vandermassen, Tim Vanhoomissen, Frank Van Overwalle, Ine Vanwesenbeeck, Paul L. Vasey, João Veríssimo, Martin Voracek, Wendy W. N. Wan, Ta-Wei Wang, Petr Weiss, Andik Wijaya, Liesbeth Woertman, Gahyun Youn, Agata ZupanÈiÈ

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · 2004
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicAttachment and Relationship Dynamics
Canadian institutionsUniversity of LethbridgeYork UniversityUniversité Laval
Fundersnot available
KeywordsRomanceNormativeSociocultural evolutionPsychologyProblem of universalsHuman sexualitySocial psychologyAttachment theoryDevelopmental psychologyGender studiesSociologyAnthropologyPsychoanalysisEpistemologyPhilosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

As part of the International Sexuality Description Project, a total of 17,804 participants from 62 cultural regions completedthe RelationshipQuestionnaire(RQ), a self-reportmeasure of adult romanticattachment. Correlational analyses within each culture suggested that the Model of Self and the Model of Other scales of the RQ were psychometrically valid within most cultures. Contrary to expectations, the Model of Self and Model of Other dimensions of the RQ did not underlie the four-category model of attachment in the same way across all cultures. Analyses of specific attachment styles revealed that secure romantic attachment was normative in 79% of cultures and that preoccupied romantic attachment was particularly prevalent in East Asian cultures. Finally, the romantic attachment profiles of individual nations were correlated with sociocultural indicators in ways that supported evolutionary theories of romantic attachment and basic human mating strategies.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.012

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.040
GPT teacher head0.477
Teacher spread0.437 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations348
Published2004
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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Same venueJournal of Cross-Cultural PsychologySame topicAttachment and Relationship DynamicsFrench-language works237,207