Influence of mechanical strain and stress on the electrical performance of XLPE cable insulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
XLPE insulation used in high-voltage cables is not only subjected to electrical stress but also to mechanical strains, either from internal residual strains created during manufacturing or externally applied when the cable is bent sharply. Due to thermally activated viscoelastic motion in the polymeric material, the original mechanical stress responsible for the strain may be completely or partly relaxed, with the permanent strain remaining unchanged. It is generally accepted that mechanical strain has a strong influence on the structural integrity and electrical performance of polymeric insulating materials. However, the influence of mechanical strain on the life and performance of insulating materials has still to be fully ascertained, since it depends on the nature (compression or tensile) and the direction of the strain and the magnitude of the remaining (unrelaxed) mechanical stress. In this paper, long-term and short-term breakdown tests were conducted on XLPE ribbon samples. To isolate the effect of the strain, a series of samples was drawn at different drawing ratios; the drawing rate and temperature allowed a situation of near-total stress relaxation. Results are presented for samples subjected to simultaneous tensile mechanical and electrical stress.>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".