The Tragedy of Anarchy: A Realist Appraisal of the Environmental Dimensions of Civil Conflict
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper adds to the existing literature regarding the environmental-dimensions of conflict by proposing a model that explains how resource-based conflict can occur by using the basic tenets of realism to identify environmental dimensions of civil war. What makes the argument distinctive from other scholars is the chain of causality that is identified. A chain of causality is observed in which the condition of anarchy produces resource shortages. It is argued that this condition gives rise to the ‘tragedy of the commons,’ which produces resource scarcities, security dilemmas and resource-based hostilities. Security dilemmas, it is argued, can fuel resource-motivated violence, and prisoner’s dilemmas can perpetuate insecurity and violence among participants. The paper concludes by suggesting that if leaders and policy-makers address the causal role that the environment plays in conflict, they might be able to prevent conflict or better foster lasting peace.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.060 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.015 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".