A Multi-level Cell for STT-MRAM with Biaxial Magnetic Tunnel Junction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A multi-level cell for STT-MRAM is proposed using biaxial magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). The proposed cell consists of one transistor and one MTJ (1T1MTJ) with biaxial magnetic layer to store two bits per cell. Using the four stable states of the biaxial layer, the proposed cell allows 2 bits to be stored per cell without voltage headroom limitations. Current pulses with different amplitudes are applied during write operation to switch the magnetization vector to the corresponding region. This avoids multi-step write operations required for previously proposed multi-level cells using uniaxial MTJs. On average, the simulated write speed of the proposed cell is 33% faster than that of previous work, and the proposed cell consumes 8% less power. Also, current sensing vs. voltage sensing is compared for the biaxial MTJ, Current sensing provides uniform distribution of the sense margin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".