A SUMMARY OF THE SAFETY RELATED RESULTS OF A CANADIAN BICYCLE COMMUTER SURVEY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There have been insufficient comprehensive North American bicycle safety data upon which to base inclusion of safety in the design of urban bicycle networks. In response to this need, a survey of commuter bicyclists in Ottawa and Toronto, Canada was undertaken in 1995 by McMaster University with funding from the Ontario Ministry of Transportation. The objective of this paper is to review the survey methodology which was successful in estimating travel exposure and to present research results related to (1) the characteristics and contributing circumstances for bicycle collisions and falls; (2) collision and fall rates by facility type; and (3) the results of a detailed analysis of the safety of sidewalk cycling. The objective of the survey was to collect collision/fall histories to complement more traditional police and emergency databases which typically only include more serious events. However, an additional objective was to collect detailed travel behavior information for exposure estimation. The measure of travel exposure combined information from a map where cyclists traced their regular route with estimates of commute trips per month.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.013 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".