Bibliographic record
Abstract
Drawing upon recent work on the political framework of the Pauline epistles, the goal of this article is to shed light upon the problem of historical reconstruction of the context of Ephesians. In response to some commentators who have contended that the author of Ephesians failed to show interest in contemporary Jews, it is argued that Eph. 2.11-22 is best understood as reflecting significant engagement with the life and fate of the Jewish people. Both the conceptions of society and the presentation of the identity of the ekklesia are examined in light of the situation of the Jews in the empire under Domitian. It is argued that the use of ambiguous categories to refer to the relations between the ekklesia and Israel reflect concrete experiences in the ekklesia of shifting identity, in part dependent on the changing circumstances of the Jews. The existence of these social dynamics is confirmed by examining the points of contact between Ephesians and imperial ideology as revealed especially in the interplay of religious, civic, and domestic themes in the epistle. Comparison of Ephesians to Josephus’s Against Apion proves to be especially useful in bringing this interplay into full relief.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.040 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".