PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO TEMPERATURE BY WHIP-POOR-WILLS: MORE EVIDENCE FOR THE EVOLUTION OF LOW METABOLIC RATES IN CAPRIMULGIFORMES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We measured the metabolic responses of nine Whip-poor-wills (Caprimulgus vociferus), captured in southeast South Dakota, to incremental changes in ambient temperature within the range of 0–40°C. Similar to other members of the Caprimulgiformes, Whip-poor-wills exhibited a basal metabolic rate that was lower than predicted by allometry. We compared basal metabolic rates of six caprimulgiform species (our data plus published values for five other species) with those of 82 other avian species using both conventional and phylogenetically independent ANCOVAs. The low basal metabolic rate of Caprimulgiformes was not explained by phylogenetic position. A low basal metabolic rate, together with the widespread ability of birds in this order to use daily torpor, seemingly has enabled members of this group to occupy their unique ecological niche (crepuscular insectivory). Respuestas Fisiológicas de Caprimulgus vociferus a la Temperatura: Más Evidencia a Favor de la Evolución de una Baja Tasa Metabólica en Caprimúlgidos Resumen. Medimos las respuestas metabólicas a aumentos de la temperatura ambiental en un rango de 0–40°C en nueve individuos de Caprimulgus vociferus capturados en Dakota del Sur. De manera similar a otros Caprimúlgidos, C. vociferus presentó una tasa metabólica basal menor a la predicha por parámetros alométricos. Comparamos las tasas metabólicas basales de seis especies de caprimúlgidos (nuestros datos más datos publicados para otras cinco especies) con aquellas de otras 82 especies de aves utilizando aná lisis de co-varianza (ANCOVA) convencionales y filogenéticamente independientes. La baja tasa metabó lica basal de los caprimúlgidos no fue explicada por su posición filogenética. La baja tasa metabólica basal, junto a la capacidad generalizada de las aves de este orden de usar torpor diario, aparentemente han permitido a los miembros de este grupo a ocupar un nicho ecológico único (insectivoría crepuscular).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".