Human Peripheral γδ T Cells Potentiate the Early Proinflammatory Cytokine Response to Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin–1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)-1 is a superantigen known to profoundly induce proinflammatory cytokines by activation of V beta -specific alpha beta T cells, but its effect on gamma delta T cells, which normally constitute 1%-5% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that TSST-1 induced significantly higher levels of interferon (IFN)- gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha, and interleukin (IL)-2, and a lower level of IL-10 in human PBMCs when the gamma delta subpopulation has been primed by isopentylpyrophosphate, compared with that in control PBMCs. Furthermore, depletion of the gamma delta subpopulation completely abrogated this effect. Thus, peripheral gamma delta T cells markedly modulate both the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses of TSST-1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".