Reaction of Waxy and Opaque-2 Inbreds and their Derived Progenies to Multiple Foliar Diseases of Maize in Uganda
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Specialty maize lines possessing important endosperm genes waxy and/or opaque-2 enhance processing and nutritional qualities of the grain. However, production and utilization of specialty maize varieties for food, feeds and various industrial end-uses are constrained by endemic foliar diseases of maize including turcicum leaf blight, gray leaf spot and maize streak virus disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reaction of two specialty maize genotypes (waxy and opaque-2) and their derived F1, F2 and backcross progenies to multiple foliar diseases of maize. A randomized complete block design was used to evaluate these materials under field conditions in Uganda. Significant differences among populations were observed for susceptibility to turcicum leaf blight and maize streak virus disease. The opaque-2 inbred CML182 did not manifest any maize streak virus disease symptoms during the assessment period. Significant differences were observed for susceptibility to maize streak virus disease between reciprocal crosses but not for turcicum leaf blight suggesting possible maternal effects associated with maize streak virus disease resistance. Susceptibility to turcicum leaf blight and maize streak virus disease was associated with the recessive endosperm genes (waxy and opaque-2). These results show that developing waxy and opaque-2 specialty maize varieties with good agronomic and grain quality attributes is dependent on the choice of parents carrying important resistance as well as endosperm modifying genes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".