Aging of low-pressure amalgam lamps and <b>UV</b> dose delivery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The emittance of new and aged amalgam low-pressure lamps used by a drinking water ultraviolet (UV) disinfection reactor was measured along the length and about the circumference. The new lamp had a non-uniform emittance along the length of the lamp with local maxima between the electrodes and the amalgam deposits. The aged lamps showed a reduction in emittance and a non-uniform output both along the length and about the circumference. The reduction and non-uniformity increased with lamp age and were most notable at the lamp ends, and the position of the maximum emittance moves to the lamp centre. Computer simulations of the UV reactor show that the position of the UV sensor that indicates UV dose delivery is crucial. The UV dose will be overpredicted if the UV sensor views a location that ages the least but underpredicted if the UV sensor views a location that ages the most.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".