Bibliographic record
Abstract
L’absence de statistiques fiables, en particulier pour la période précédant les années 1950, nuit beaucoup à l’étude de l’histoire des finances publiques au Canada. Elle est sans doute due au fait que l’information contenue dans les comptes publics doit être totalement réorganisée si l’on veut en tirer une série statistique homogène. Intriguée par la croyance populaire que le gouvernement québécois n’ait pas été interventionniste avant la Révolution tranquille des années 1960, nous avons effectué ce travail pour les finances du Québec de 1867 à 1969 et construit des séries annuelles, globales et désagrégées, des dépenses et des revenus du gouvernement provincial. Pour en faciliter la diffusion, cet article présente les principales données, donne un aperçu des méthodes de construction et décrit sommairement l’évolution des finances publiques québécoises de la Confédération à la fin des années 1960.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.015 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".