Fast Neutron Detection With ${\rm Cs}_{2} {\rm LiYCl}_{6}$
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper discusses our initial investigation of fast neutron detection with a Cs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> LiYCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> (CLYC) scintillator. CLYC has been already developed for dual mode detectors (thermal neutrons and gamma rays). Described are results collected under mono-energetic irradiation from a Van de Graaff generator and a continuous irradiation from a <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">252</sup> Cf source. There are two reactions in which fast neutrons are captured <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35</sup> Cl(n,p) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35</sup> S and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> Li(n,t)α; both have been observed. They produce a proton and a pair of α/t particles, respectively. The response to mono-energetic fast neutrons due to the <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35</sup> Cl(n,p) reaction produces a peak and due to the <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> Li(n,t) reaction a continuum in the energy spectra. The relation between the peak (continuum) position and the excitation energy is linear within evaluated energy range. This allows for fast neutron spectroscopy. The α/β ratios for both reactions were found to be different and somewhat dependent on the excitation energy. The decay times under the proton excitation slightly differ from these under the α/t excitation, while both are significantly different from the gamma ray excited curves. This is important for pulse shape discrimination. Using continuous excitation from <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">252</sup> Cf initial efficiency was estimated for the <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35</sup> Cl(n,p) reaction. For a 1-inch right cylinder crystal the measured intrinsic efficiency is at least 0.06%, while calculated is 0.5%. The discrepancy is due to experimental inaccuracies. The relative detection efficiency scales linearly with the volume. A convolution of the theoretical <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">252</sup> Cf fast neutron distribution and the <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35</sup> Cl(n,p) cross-section curve was found to match the experimental data.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it