Control of fines suspension density in the fines loop of a continuous KCl crystallizer using transmittance measurement and an FBRM® probe
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The control of crystal size distribution (CSD) is investigated in a 1.5 L laboratory cooling KCl crystallizer using fines dissolution rate as the manipulated variable. The controlled variable was either the fines suspension density in the fines withdrawal loop, measured by an innovative double‐sensor turbidity meter manufactured in‐house, or the chord length distribution (CLD) measured by the Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM®) probe (model: Par‐Tec® 100, Lasentec®, Redmond, WA). It was shown that effective control of mean crystal size and fines suspension density in the presence of setpoint and disturbance changes is feasible with both control schemes. The double sensor turbidity sensor proved to be very rugged even in the presence of insoluble clay background particles. The FBRM® probe was more sensitive and capable of detecting particle breakage and flocculation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".