Participation in Organized Leisure Activities as a Context for the Development of Social Competence among Preschool Children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined (a) the relation between children’s participation in organized leisure activities (OLA)during kindergarten and social competence in Grade 1 and (b) whether this relation would vary according tofamilies’ income level. Participants were 556 preschool children (59% boys; M age = 5.65 years). Measures wereobtained from parents and teachers who completed a series of questionnaires about the child. Social competencewas assessed using measures of social skills and externalized behaviour. Results suggested that children whoparticipated in OLA in kindergarten showed significantly enhanced social skills in Grade 1 than those who didnot participate, and this link was true regardless of income level. In addition, results revealed that OLAparticipation in kindergarten significantly predicted a decrease in externalized behaviour in Grade 1 only amonglow-income children. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".